Sameh Samir Ali
Jiangsu University, China
Title: Biological pretreatment of lignocellulosic biomass for efficient biogas and methane
Biography
Biography: Sameh Samir Ali
Abstract
lignocellulosic ethanol has the potential to meet most global transportation fuel needs with lower agricultural input and lower net CO2 emissions than fossil fuels, and its replacement of first-generation bioenergy will resolve the conflict between energy demand and food supply. Degradation of lignocellulosic biomass in nature is generally considered to be a microbial deconstruction process carried out by a variety of microorganisms or microbial communities, including bacteria and fungi. The three major components of lignocellulose, cellulose, hemicellulose, and lignin, all require separate classes of enzymes to cleave their polymeric forms into shorter chains or monomers for further conversion processes. Individual microorganisms capable of degrading plant-cell-wall polymers (usually cellulose and hemicellulose) followed by conversion of those polymers into a single product are desirable for industrial processes. Lignin can constitute a significant percentage of plant biomass on a weight basis and is a complex polymer of phenyl propane units cross-linked to each other with different chemical bonds. Some individual organisms, predominantly the rot fungi, produce enzymes to deconstruct the lignin fraction. Conclusions: Physical pretreatment followed fungal bio-pretreatment for lignocellulosic biomass degradation were efficient in the improvement of biogas and methane production. Some challenges as the slow process of delignification and loss of carbohydrates for commercial applications of fungal pre-treatment still need to be examined. A bright future in fungal lignocellulosic biomass pre-treatment for subsequent hydrolysis for efficient improve biofuel industry will be expected.